Dendrolimus pini belongs to the family Lasiocampidae:
Adult males of Dendrolimus pini have a forewing length of c25-30mm. Females are generally larger, with a forewing length of c30-40 mm.
In much of its range the forewing pattern makes this species unlikely to be confused with any other species. A similar looking species of Dendrolimus replaces it in Japan. In Europe there is some variation in the intensity of the markings, and some populations are more greyish in colour than those illustrated here. A number of subspecies have been described.